A molecular basis for nicotine as a gateway drug.
نویسندگان
چکیده
From the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (E.R.K.), Kavli Institute for Brain Science (E.R.K.), and the Departments of Neuroscience (E.R.K.) and Psychiatry (E.R.K., D.B.K.), College of Physicians and Surgeons, and Mailman School of Public Health (D.B.K.), Columbia University, and the New York State Psychiatric Institute (D.B.K.) — all in New York. Address reprint requests to Dr. E. Kandel at the Department of Neuroscience, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 1051 Riverside Dr., Unit 87, New York, NY 10032, or at erk5@ columbia.edu.
منابع مشابه
Personality Traits and Psychopathology in Nicotine and Opiate Dependents Using the Gateway Drug Theory
Objectives: According to the gateway drug theory, tobacco use is a predisposing factor for future substance abuse. This study was conducted to compare nicotine and opiate dependents to identify the differences between their personality traits and psychopathology that makes them turn to other substances after cigarette smoking. Methods: A causal-comparative study was conducted. Three groups w...
متن کاملThe effects of morphine and nicotine co-administration on body weight, food intake and appetite-regulating peptides in rats
Previous studies in humans and animals have reported that nicotine administration decreases body weightand caloric intake. Opiate and cigarette have been used concomitantly as drug abuse. The aim of the present study was, therefore, to analyze the effect of chronic co-administration of nicotine and morphine on food intake, body weight and on some feeding-associated peptides. All experiments wer...
متن کاملMolecular mechanism for a gateway drug: epigenetic changes initiated by nicotine prime gene expression by cocaine.
In human populations, cigarettes and alcohol generally serve as gateway drugs, which people use first before progressing to marijuana, cocaine, or other illicit substances. To understand the biological basis of the gateway sequence of drug use, we developed an animal model in mice and used it to study the effects of nicotine on subsequent responses to cocaine. We found that pretreatment of mice...
متن کاملNeurotensin Agonist Attenuates Nicotine Potentiation to Cocaine Sensitization
Tobacco usage typically precedes illicit drug use in adolescent and young adult populations. Several animal studies suggest nicotine increases the risk for subsequent cocaine abuse, and may be a negative prognostic factor for treatment of cocaine addiction; i.e., a "gateway drug". Neurotensin (NT) is a 13-amino acid neuropeptide that modulates dopamine, acetylcholine, glutamate, and GABA neurot...
متن کاملMelatonin ameliorates testicular damages induced by nicotine in mice
Objective(s): Nicotine as a toxic substance leads to impairment of the reproductive system function. The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of melatonin on testicular alterations, sperm nuclear integrity, and epididymal sperm parameters in mice treated with nicotine.Materials and Methods: Male mice were divided into four groups. Group A received the vehicle, group B received nicotine 0.1...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید
ثبت ناماگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید
ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- The New England journal of medicine
دوره 371 21 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2014